圆锥曲线硬解定理：
1.椭圆与斜截式联立：
$\begin{cases} \cfrac{x^2}{a^2}+ \cfrac{y^2}{b^2}=1 \\y=kx+m\end{cases}\Rightarrow b^2x^2+ay^2-a^2b^2=0\Rightarrow (b^2+a^2k^2)x^2+2a^2kmx+a^2(m^2-b^2)=0$

$\Delta ={\color{Red} 4a^4k^2m^2-4a^2(m^2-b^2)(b^2+a^2k^2)} =4a^2[a^2k^2m^2-(m^2-b^2)(b^2+a^2k^2)]$

$=4a^2(-b^2m^2+b^4+a^2b^2k^2)=4a^2b^2(b^2+a^2k^2-m^2)\quad 两根之差用$

$x_1+x_2=-\cfrac{2a^2km}{a^2k^2+b^2}$

$x_1x_2=\cfrac{a^2(m^2-b^2)}{a^2k^2+b^2}$

$(x_1-x_2)^2=(x_1+x_2)^2-4x_1x_2=\cfrac{4a^4k^2m^2}{(a^2k^2+b^2)^2}-\cfrac{4a^2(m^2-b^2)}{a^2k^2+b^2}$

$=\cfrac{{\color{Red}4a^4k^2m^2-4a^2(m^2-b^2)(a^2k^2+b^2) } }{(a^2k^2+b^2)^2}=\cfrac{{\color{Red} 4a^2b^2(b^2+a^2k^2-m^2)} }{(a^2k^2+b^2)^2}$

$横坐标的两根之差:|x_1-x_2|=\cfrac{\sqrt{\Delta } }{a^2k^2+b^2}$

$纵坐标的两根之差:|y_1-y_2|=\cfrac{\sqrt{k^2\Delta } }{a^2k^2+b^2}$

$y_1+y_2==k(x_1+x_2)+2m=-\cfrac{2a^2{\color{Red}k^2 } m}{a^2k^2+b^2}+\cfrac{2m{\color{Red}(a^2k^2+b^2 )} }{a^2k^2+b^2}$

$=\cfrac{{\color{Red}2b^2 m} }{a^2k^2+b^2}$

$y_1y_2=(kx_1+m)(kx_2+m)=k^2x_1x_2+km(x_1+x_2)+m^2$

$=\cfrac{a^2(m^2-b^2){\color{Red} k^2} }{a^2k^2+b^2} -\cfrac{2a^2km{\color{Red} km}}{a^2k^2+b^2}+\cfrac{(a^2k^2+b^2){\color{Red} m^2}}{a^2k^2+b^2}$

$=\cfrac{{\color{Red} a^2k^2m^2}-a^2b^2k^2-{\color{Red} 2a^2k^2m^2+a^2k^2m^2}+b^2m^2 }{a^2k^2+b^2}$

$=\cfrac{b^2(m^2-a^2k^2)}{a^2k^2+b^2}$

$x_1y_2+x_2y_1=x_1(kx_2+m)+x_2(kx_1+m)=2kx_1x_2+m(x_1+x_2)$

$=\cfrac{{\color{Red} 2k} a^2(m^2-b^2)}{a^2k^2+b^2}-\cfrac{{\color{Red} m} 2a^2km}{a^2k^2+b^2}=\cfrac{{\color{Red} 2a^2km^2} -2a^2b^2k{\color{Red} -2a^2km^2} }{a^2k^2+b^2}$

$=\cfrac{-2a^2b^2k }{a^2k^2+b^2}$

$=\cfrac{b^2(m^2-a^2k^2)}{a^2k^2+b^2}$

$\cfrac{y_1}{x_1} +\cfrac{y_2}{x_2} =2k+m(\cfrac{1}{x_1} +\cfrac{1}{x_2})=2k+m\cfrac{x_1+x_2}{x_1x_2}={\color{Red} \cfrac{2b^2k}{b^2-m^2} } $

$=\cfrac{-2a^2km{\color{Red} m} }{a^2(m^2-b^2)}+\cfrac{{\color{Red} 2k} a^2(m^2-b^2)}{a^2(m^2-b^2)}$
$\cfrac{x_1}{y_1} +\cfrac{x_2}{y_2} =\cfrac{x_1y_2+x_2y_1}{y_1y_2} =\cfrac{\cfrac{-2a^2b^2k }{a^2k^2+b^2}}{\cfrac{b^2(m^2-a^2k^2)}{a^2k^2+b^2}}==\cfrac{-2a^2b^2k }{b^2(m^2-a^2k^2)}$
$AB的长度其实就是横坐标的两根之差的\sqrt{1+k^2} 倍$

$|AB|=\cfrac{\sqrt{(1+k^2)\Delta } }{a^2k^2+b^2}$
$AB的长度其实就是横坐标的两根之差的\sqrt{1+k^2} 倍$

$|AB|=\cfrac{\sqrt{(1+k^2)\Delta } }{a^2k^2+b^2}$

$\overrightarrow{OA}\cdot \overrightarrow{OB}=\cfrac{(a^2+b^2)m^2-a^2b^2(1+k^2)}{a^2k^2+b^2}$

$=x_1x_2+y_1y_2 =\cfrac{a^2(m^2-b^2)}{a^2k^2+b^2}+\cfrac{b^2(m^2-a^2k^2)}{a^2k^2+b^2}$

2.椭圆与横截式联立：

$\begin{cases} \cfrac{x^2}{a^2}+ \cfrac{y^2}{b^2}=1 \\x=ky+m\end{cases}\Rightarrow b^2x^2+ay^2-a^2b^2=0\Rightarrow (a^2+b^2k^2)x^2+2b^2kmx+b^2(m^2-a^2)=0$

$椭圆与斜截式联立\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad椭圆与横截式联立$

$x_1+x_2=-\cfrac{2a^2km}{a^2k^2+b^2}\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad y_1+y_2=-\cfrac{2b^2km}{b^2k^2+a^2}$

$x_1x_2=\cfrac{a^2(m^2-b^2)}{a^2k^2+b^2}\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\quad y_1y_2=\cfrac{b^2(m^2-a^2)}{b^2k^2+a^2}$

$y_1+y_2=\cfrac{2b^2 m} {a^2k^2+b^2}\quad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad x_1+x_2=\cfrac{2a^2 m} {b^2k^2+a^2}$

$y_1y_2=\cfrac{b^2(m^2-a^2k^2)}{a^2k^2+b^2}\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad x_1x_2=\cfrac{a^2(m^2-b^2k^2)}{b^2k^2+a^2}$

$x_1y_2+x_2y_1=\cfrac{-2a^2b^2k }{a^2k^2+b^2}\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad x_1y_2+x_2y_1=\cfrac{-2a^2b^2k }{b^2k^2+a^2}$分子完全一样

$\cfrac{y_1}{x_1} +\cfrac{y_2}{x_2}=\cfrac{2b^2k}{b^2-m^2}\qquad \qquad\qquad \qquad\qquad \cfrac{x_1}{y_1} +\cfrac{x_2}{y_2}=\cfrac{2a^2k}{a^2-m^2}$

$\cfrac{x_1}{y_1} +\cfrac{x_2}{y_2} =\cfrac{2a^2k }{a^2k^2-m^2}\qquad \qquad \qquad \qquad\qquad \cfrac{y_1}{x_1} +\cfrac{y_2}{x_2} =\cfrac{2b^2k }{b^2k^2-m^2}$

$\Delta =4a^2b^2(b^2+a^2k^2-m^2)\qquad\qquad\qquad \quad \Delta =4a^2b^2(a^2+b^2k^2-m^2)$

$|x_1-x_2|=\cfrac{\sqrt{\Delta } }{a^2k^2+b^2}\qquad \qquad\qquad \qquad \qquad |y_1-y_2|=\cfrac{\sqrt{\Delta } }{b^2k^2+a^2}$

$|y_1-y_2|=\cfrac{\sqrt{k^2\Delta } }{a^2k^2+b^2}\quad\qquad \qquad\qquad \qquad \qquad |x_1-x_2|=\cfrac{\sqrt{k^2\Delta } }{b^2k^2+a^2}$
$|AB|=\cfrac{\sqrt{(1+k^2)\Delta } }{a^2k^2+b^2}\qquad \qquad\qquad \qquad\quad |AB|=\cfrac{\sqrt{(1+k^2)\Delta } }{b^2k^2+a^2}$
$\overrightarrow{OA}\cdot \overrightarrow{OB}=\cfrac{(a^2+b^2)m^2-a^2b^2(1+k^2)}{a^2k^2+b^2}\qquad\qquad \overrightarrow{OA}\cdot \overrightarrow{OB}=\cfrac{(a^2+b^2)m^2-a^2b^2(1+k^2)}{b^2k^2+a^2}$

2.双曲线与斜截式联立：
$\begin{cases} \cfrac{x^2}{a^2}－ \cfrac{y^2}{b^2}=1 \\y=kx+m\end{cases}\Rightarrow b^2x^2+ay^2-a^2b^2=0\Rightarrow (b^2+a^2k^2)x^2+2a^2kmx+a^2(m^2-b^2)=0$
$双曲线与斜载式联立\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad双曲线与横截式联立$

$x_1+x_2=\cfrac{2a^2km}{b^2－a^2k^2}\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad y_1+y_2=-\cfrac{2b^2km}{b^2k^2-a^2}$

$x_1x_2=－\cfrac{a^2(m^2+b^2)}{b^2－a^2k^2}\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\quad y_1y_2=\cfrac{b^2(m^2-a^2)}{b^2k^2-a^2}$

$y_1+y_2=\cfrac{2b^2 m} {b^2－a^2k^2}\quad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad x_1+x_2=\cfrac{-2a^2 m} {b^2k^2-a^2}$

$y_1y_2=\cfrac{b^2(m^2-a^2k^2)}{b^2－a^2k^2}\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad x_1x_2=\cfrac{-a^2(m^2+b^2k^2)}{b^2k^2-a^2}$

$x_1y_2+x_2y_1=\cfrac{-2a^2b^2k }{b^2－a^2k^2}\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad x_1y_2+x_2y_1=\cfrac{-2a^2b^2k }{b^2k^2-a^2}$分子完全一样

$\cfrac{y_1}{x_1} +\cfrac{y_2}{x_2}=\cfrac{2b^2k}{b^2+m^2}\qquad \qquad\qquad \qquad\qquad \cfrac{x_1}{y_1} +\cfrac{x_2}{y_2}=\cfrac{2a^2k}{a^2-m^2}$

$\cfrac{x_1}{y_1} +\cfrac{x_2}{y_2} =\cfrac{2a^2k }{a^2k^2-m^2}\qquad \qquad \qquad \qquad\qquad \cfrac{y_1}{x_1} +\cfrac{y_2}{x_2} =\cfrac{2b^2k }{b^2k^2+m^2}$

$\Delta =4a^2b^2(b^2-a^2k^2+m^2)\qquad\qquad\qquad \quad \Delta =4a^2b^2(b^2k^2-a^2+m^2)$

$|x_1-x_2|=\cfrac{\sqrt{\Delta } }{|a^2k^2-b^2|}\qquad \qquad\qquad \qquad \qquad |y_1-y_2|=\cfrac{\sqrt{\Delta } }{|b^2k^2-a^2|}$

$|y_1-y_2|=\cfrac{\sqrt{k^2\Delta } }{|a^2k^2-b^2|}\quad\qquad \qquad\qquad \qquad \qquad |x_1-x_2|=\cfrac{\sqrt{k^2\Delta } }{|b^2k^2-a^2|}$
$|AB|=\cfrac{\sqrt{(1+k^2)\Delta } }{|a^2k^2-b^2|}\qquad \qquad\qquad \qquad\quad |AB|=\cfrac{\sqrt{(1+k^2)\Delta } }{|b^2k^2-a^2|}$
$\overrightarrow{OA}\cdot \overrightarrow{OB}=\cfrac{(a^2-b^2)m^2+a^2b^2(1+k^2)}{a^2k^2-b^2}\qquad\qquad \overrightarrow{OA}\cdot \overrightarrow{OB}=\cfrac{(a^2-b^2)m^2+a^2b^2(1+k^2)}{-b^2k^2+a^2}$

标签: none

添加新评论